Nā palena o ka hoʻomohala a me ka holomua

ʻO Roberto da Silva Rocha, ke kaukaʻi kulanui a me ka ʻepekema politika

Nā palena o ka hoʻomohala a me ka holomua

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ʻAʻole ia he neo-Luddism, ka neʻe ʻana ma ʻEnelani e kūʻē i nā mīkini i ka wā mua o ka Industrial Revolution, e kūʻē i nā mīkini i hoʻopau i nā hana o nā limahana i hana ma o ka hana lima a me nā mea hana lima e kūʻē i ka hoʻokūkū disproportionately ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi mai nā mīkini ʻenehana a me nā mīkini. laina hana moʻo.

Ua lawe mai ka Industrial Revolution i nā pilikia ʻelua: ʻo ka pilikia o ka overproduction i ʻimi maikaʻi ʻia e ka macroeconomic theorist e Heinrich Karl Marx, a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka paradigm i ke kālepa honua mai ka mercantilism a me ka hoʻokauwā ʻana i ka hana nui e nā hui transnational nui nona nā ʻoihana hiki ke noho ma kahi pae nui. , e like me na kaa, kila, kaa otomobile, aniani palahalaha, ka aila, laau lapaau, moku, a pela aku.

ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia ma mua o Kondratiev lāua ʻo Karl Marx e hoʻōki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma o nā kānāwai e kāohi ai i ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana a me ka ʻenehana, ʻo ka hewa o ko mākou manawa ʻo ia ka lilo ʻana o nā huahana ma mua o ka nalowale ʻana o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, e like me nā ʻōnaehana hana Windows i kēlā me kēia. ʻelima mau makahiki ua koi ʻia mākou e hoʻololi i nā ʻōnaehana no ka mea ʻo ka hanauna hou o nā polokalamu i kūkulu ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia, aia ma mua o 1000 mau polokalamu e hoʻomau nei a e hoʻomau ʻole ʻia no ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana, e like me nā pihi 700 a me nā mana i loaʻa. i loko o kahi Volkswagen Jetta kaʻa kaʻa ʻaʻole e ʻike ka mea hoʻokele i ke ola ʻana o kēia mau keʻena ʻaʻole e hele ma mua o nā mana no ka ea ea, ka mea hoʻomehana, nā kukui a me nā kukui uila, nā puka makani uila a me nā laka, ka hoʻomalu noho, nā kaʻa kaʻa, ka hoʻouna ʻana, ka mana holo moana, ke kauoha leo a me ka punaewele, ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻenekini, he nui mau kaukani hola o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā hale hana ʻaʻole e hoʻohana ʻia, a ua hana hou ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma nā wahi āpau o ka ʻenehana.

Pono e kau i nā palena no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi kēia holomua ʻole a me ka wikiwiki i ke ola o nā kānaka a i ʻole ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi o ke ola o nā kānaka, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai o ke ola o nā kānaka.

Roberto da Silva Rocha, professor universitário e cientista político