Discontinuities
We have become accustomed to the comfortable idea of the continuity of events, the correct sequence, the regular repetition and chance with a disturbance of the gods or the whims of the usual unexpected exceptional normally expected and awaited by luck.
But, since the beginning of the era of overcoming irrationality where at some point in the history of human civilization and in different places and in different eras of the different civilizations on earth, humans began to ask questions relating cause and effect spaced in time, where the first rule established in the first attempt at ontology of knowledge that preceded the era of epistemology was the rule of the sequence of events, or occurrences that occur in a certain order between before, now, and after in a very short time, and in the same place or location.
The first pattern of cognitive consonance was to perceive the reaction of an event immediately to an immediately previous event.
What we call cause and effect is immediately understood as the correlation of what happened immediately before in the same place that must be associated with the following event in the same place, thing or location. This is what we call what David Hulme classified as the cognitive illusion of cause and effect. According to David Hulme, if the event following the first event takes a long time to happen or the following event happens in a place far from the first event, doubts arise when we define what was the connection between the cause and the associated effect, such as pregnancy, whose preparation between the male and female took a long time to be confirmed as associated with the carnal conjunction of the couple that occurred in advance about nine months before birth, or the three months before the development of the pregnancy with the alteration of the female body modified by the internal growth of the fetus during gestation. Events separated in time and space cause profound embarrassment in establishing the causal relationship, requiring other more sophisticated and refined forms of cognition beyond the reach of our understanding of continuity without a guiding theory. This is where another exceptional human ability comes in: the ability to perform cognitive disjunction and to be able to deal with discontinuities and abstract disjoint things and imagine disconnections and be able to resolve or imagine solutions to paradoxes and contradictions.
No AI - Artificial Intelligence is prepared to deal with contradictions and discontinuities, contrary to its synthetic analytical associative algorithm, only human beings can create things disconnected from the expectations of continuity in time and space, which is why human beings created: religion; philosophy; mathematical scientific thought in science.
Without this capacity for abstraction found in areas such as religious thought, for example, we would never be able to understand and comprehend general relativistic mechanics, quantum mechanics, religion, homosexuality. Only a special type of human being, disconnected from the expectation of continuity, can imagine phenomenology, the ability to adapt to the randomness of a gambling lottery, to accept absurd, deconstructed ideas such as: flat-earthers, veganism, global warming, love, passion for a football or basketball team.
Only some of us humans continue to resist Cartesian thinking to preserve our psychic integrity because the limits of cognition are not sufficient to explain everything that happens in nature, including the theorems of Mathematics that only exist in the unresigned abstract world, such as: the existence of the number pi; like sines and cosines; when we place a mirror parallel to each other forming an infinite succession of images and believe that they are uncountable and innumerable; the division of an arithmetic unit by the divisor zero that can only be explained by defining limits that can lead us to a satisfactory explanatory rationality because we define what the parameters of limits are in algebra.
Human rebellion saves us from the cognitive limits of the continuity trap, because discontinuities are always infinitely greater than our expectations of the continuity of the universe.
The cause and effect separated in time between two consecutive events are merely sensations that we artificially construct to accommodate our expectation of space-time continuity of our continuous model of perception of the universe that seems more acceptable and rational to us.
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